Nehad Wahab
Volume 19, Issue 4 , December 2019, Pages 1-8
Abstract
Biological aspects (size composition, length-weight relationship, condition factor, food habit and reproduction season), and morphological of Mastacembelus mastacembelus inhabiting Al-Tharthar canal studied during the period from April to September 2012. The growth pattern was negative ...
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Biological aspects (size composition, length-weight relationship, condition factor, food habit and reproduction season), and morphological of Mastacembelus mastacembelus inhabiting Al-Tharthar canal studied during the period from April to September 2012. The growth pattern was negative allometric with (b) values for males 2.680, females 2.845 and for combined sexes 2.597. Condition factor values were lower than one, ranged from 0.183 to 0.432 with average 0.282 ±0.053 for combined sexes. Food items from stomach collected and analyzed using both points and frequency methods. Two food items found only in the diet. M. mastacembelus is a predator, the males preferring fish while the females preferring fish and crustacean (prawns). The research cover, the ratios each of sixteen morphometric measurements to standard length, and each of four morphometric measurements to head length and their linear regression equations. All the length-length relationships between standard length and the others measurements were highly correlated except head depth, body depth and body width, and for head length, head depth only.
Nawfal Salih; Maysaloon Ibraheem
Volume 19, Issue 4 , December 2019, Pages 9-15
Abstract
This study was conducted at the experimental farm, Department of Animal Production , College of Agriculture , University of Tikrit for the period from 7/10/2018 to 15/12/2018. Sixteen Awassi lambs with an average body weight of 27kg and aged about 6—7-months were used in this investigation. ...
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This study was conducted at the experimental farm, Department of Animal Production , College of Agriculture , University of Tikrit for the period from 7/10/2018 to 15/12/2018. Sixteen Awassi lambs with an average body weight of 27kg and aged about 6—7-months were used in this investigation. The lambs were randomly assigned into four groups. Each group has 4 lambs the lambs were placed in individual cages (1 x 1.5 m².) and the aim of this study to investigation the effect of supplementing linseed oil on chemical composition and some fatty acids of Awassi chilled and frozen sheep meat,the results showed high significant differences in frozen period in moisture content of meat compared with chilled period it was ( 70.90 and 66.82)% respectively , and the chilled period conducted high significant differences than the frozen period in fat content ( 9.39 and 8.15)% respectively. About the effect of linseed oil on fatty acids, frozen period conducted high significant differences in Oleic it was 33.59 % while the frozen period conducted a high significant differences in Linoleic and Arachidonic acids it was ( 4.88 and 1.19)% respectively. The interaction between chilled period and treatments, the first and second treatment conducted high significant differences on Oleic acid also first treatment was high in Linoleic Acid percentage. While for the interaction between frozen period and treatments, the fourth treatment was high in Oleic and Linolenic Acid percentage, the first treatment was high in Linoleic Acid percentage it was (5.22)%.
Mohammed Amean; Taher Shujaa
Volume 19, Issue 4 , December 2019, Pages 16-22
Abstract
This study was conducted at Department of Animal production farm College of Agriculture University of Tikrit from 6/12/2017 until 21/2/2018 (77days) . Sixteen Awassi lambs were used, aged 4-5 months and average weight 23.38±0.14 Kg . Lambs were divided in to four groups (four lambs at each group) according ...
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This study was conducted at Department of Animal production farm College of Agriculture University of Tikrit from 6/12/2017 until 21/2/2018 (77days) . Sixteen Awassi lambs were used, aged 4-5 months and average weight 23.38±0.14 Kg . Lambs were divided in to four groups (four lambs at each group) according to their weight, treatments distributed randomly into the groups.Individual feeding was used which included four concentrate diet with different levels of biochar (0% ,1% , 2% and 3% ).Statistical analysis results showed that there was a significant increase (P<0.05) in the final weight for second group (1% biochar) compared with fourth group, also result showed a significant increase (P<0.05) for second group in the average daily gain and final body gain and feed conversion ratio compared with third and fourth groups. Also significant increase (P> 0.05) in the second group in hot and cold carcass weight and in the percentage Dressing based on hot and cold weight, relative to live weight as well as empty body weight and in Rib-eye muscle area compared with the other groups.
Wissam Ali; Wassem Ahmad; Mohammed Abrahem
Volume 19, Issue 4 , December 2019, Pages 23-28
Abstract
This study was conducted in Baibokhet area (8Km north of Mosul city). The study was designed to determine the effect of subcutaneous injections of iron and vitamin B12 on milk production and body weight and blood characteristics of Awassi ewes. using 15 Awassi ewes with an average weights 35.3±0.65 ...
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This study was conducted in Baibokhet area (8Km north of Mosul city). The study was designed to determine the effect of subcutaneous injections of iron and vitamin B12 on milk production and body weight and blood characteristics of Awassi ewes. using 15 Awassi ewes with an average weights 35.3±0.65 kg and age 2-4 year thier, feed relied fully on grazing, were randomly divided in to three groups, (5 ewes/group), 1st group was regard as control, while the 2nd group injected Subcutaneous in average once for every ten days for three month with Iron and vitamin B12 with (5.5mg/kg body weight and 5.5mg/kg body weight ) respectively, The 3rd group injected with iron and vitamin B12 (11 mg /kg body weight and 11 mg/kg body weight) respectively. result showed treated groups with iron and vitamin B12 a significant effect (P≤0.05) compared with control group in ( Packed cell volume, red blood cell, hemoglobin concentration ,milk yield, final body weight, total gain and daily gain), Also results shows no a significant effect (P≤0.05) in (glucose, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, globulin and milk fat%, milk protein%, milk lactose%, solid nonfat%) among treated groups compared with control group, In conclusion, iron and vitamin B12 injection in weaning lambs improved milk production, body weight and blood characters in Awassi ewes.
Shler Ahmad; Dunia Khalaf; Paiman Faraj
Volume 19, Issue 4 , December 2019, Pages 29-35
Abstract
This study was conducted to synthesis of Doina the local cereal- dairy fermented product in Kurdestan region-Iraq by mixed Doo (skimmed butter milk) with fain burgul at size (1000-1500μm) produced from Muselly durum wheat, and storage for six months on Sun drying or Oven drying or freezing methods, ...
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This study was conducted to synthesis of Doina the local cereal- dairy fermented product in Kurdestan region-Iraq by mixed Doo (skimmed butter milk) with fain burgul at size (1000-1500μm) produced from Muselly durum wheat, and storage for six months on Sun drying or Oven drying or freezing methods, the Doina mixture supplemented by Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarium as a probiotics, and identified by Commercial (API50 CHL) kit after six months of storage and evaluated the chemical, physical, microbial and sensory properties of final products. Significant difference ( P ≤ 0.05 ) between chemical composition of Doina in the different preservation methods (Sun drying, laboratory drying, Freezing) were found after storage. The rheological properties using of a sun-drying method (Traditional method) caused decreasing of gelatinization temperature in Doina mixture and it had a high amylograph maximum viscosity compared to freezing preservation method which gelatinized in high temperature and maximum viscosity in amylograph was low. There were significant differences ( P ≤ 0.05) between sensory evaluation of preserved Doina. Sun drying method had a high scores of sensory evaluation then laboratory method and freezing method.
Qusay Younis; Rafed Abdul razak; Farooq Kamel
Volume 19, Issue 4 , December 2019, Pages 36-40
Abstract
The Study focused many commercial brands of split peas (Pisum sativum L) imparted frozen Peas selected from Various origins available in the local markets of Tikrit city in Salah Addin province to be investigated , which are (Mersin peas , super fresh peas , Farm peas and Montana peas). They were researched ...
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The Study focused many commercial brands of split peas (Pisum sativum L) imparted frozen Peas selected from Various origins available in the local markets of Tikrit city in Salah Addin province to be investigated , which are (Mersin peas , super fresh peas , Farm peas and Montana peas). They were researched in the laboratories of the Department of Food Sciences in the College of Agriculture - Tikrit University), which were studied in laboratories Food Science, College of Agriculture, Tikrit University. The levels of several mineral elements were determined as the calcium content ranged in peas Mersin, Super, Montana and Pharm (4.59, 4.13, 4.27, 4.40) mg/kg, while the amount of potassium was (1086.2) mg / kg in Peas Pharm at a minimum. The highest concentration was in Peas Montana (1095.4) mg / kg. The maximum amount of iron, copper and chromium was less than (0.1) mg / kg in all peas samples. Super, Pharm and Montana (0.11, 0.1, 0.3, 0.7) mg / kg, the concentrations of cadmium, cobalt, nickel and lead were less than (0.1) mg / kg while zinc concentrations were less than (0.05) mg / kg in all brands Thoughtful, the study indicates the high level of all metals in the brand of Montana Peas.
safwan Al-Najjar; Kh Al-Zubaidy
Volume 19, Issue 4 , December 2019, Pages 41-49
Abstract
This experiment was conducted with fifteen genotypes of bread wheat introduced from ICARDA and two local varieties (Sham6 and Abu-Graib3), using three rows spacing (15, 25 and 35 cm). All genotypes were grown in 7 December, 2017 at Field Crops farm (inside Mosul University) under rain fed conditions ...
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This experiment was conducted with fifteen genotypes of bread wheat introduced from ICARDA and two local varieties (Sham6 and Abu-Graib3), using three rows spacing (15, 25 and 35 cm). All genotypes were grown in 7 December, 2017 at Field Crops farm (inside Mosul University) under rain fed conditions with complementary irrigation, using split plots in randomized complete block design with three replications, for evaluation through constructing several selection indices and calculation of the expected gains of grain yield. The analysis of variance results for studied traits (grain yield, plant height, number spikes, biological yield, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight and harvest index) showed that mean square of genotypes were highly significant for plant height, number of grains per spike and 1000 grain weight. The selection index constructed from number of grains per spike and harvest index had high increase in the efficiency as compared with direct selection for yield. This indicate of the importance of a selection index based on combination of characters. This index in the present study considered the superior due to its highest efficiency. Using this index for genotypes evaluation revealed that the higher mean of selection index was 109.961 for genotype REYNA-12 with significant difference over Abu-Graib3 and is not with others, followed in importance by Sham6, ATTILA-7, PASTOR-2/BOCRO-2 and HUBARA-5/3/SHA3/SERI//SHA4LLIRA. The local varieties of bread wheat included in this study, (Sham6 and Abu-Graib3) locates at the sequences 2 and 17 respectively.
Iraj Rahimi; Imran Ahmad; Salim Azeez
Volume 19, Issue 4 , December 2019, Pages 50-59
Abstract
Change in land use and land cover, as one of the most important factors of global-scaled environmental transformations, is considered as heart of the sustainable development debate. It is approved that humans are the main driving force that altering the land cover of the globe. In order to attain substantial ...
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Change in land use and land cover, as one of the most important factors of global-scaled environmental transformations, is considered as heart of the sustainable development debate. It is approved that humans are the main driving force that altering the land cover of the globe. In order to attain substantial development, urban authorities should think of useful tools to monitor how the land is now used to apprise future plan. The apprehension of urban change is crucial for making optimal decision and suitable planning. Satellite remote sensing is known potentially as a powerful way of assessing and mapping land-use/cover change at different spatial and temporal resolution. It also offers lower costs and time than those done using the traditional models. Remote sensing data and techniques are extremely useful because of its flexibility to provide views, repetitive coverage over a single area and real time and near real time data acquisition. land uses change and urban growth in remote sensing compose the analysis of two aerial or satellite image bands of a particular area which is recorded at two different dates. This study aims to a produce urban growth map for the small city of Darbandikhan, in the west of Kurdistan Region-Iraq, using RS-GIS data and techniques integrated with field data from 2003 to 2012. Results revealed that the has town sprawled by 2.7 times, from almost 1.9 km2in 2003 to 5.3 km2 in 2012, mainly to the North and West of the city. During this period population has doubled mainly because of migration from rural to urban area. Developed map shows that the distribution of facilities, except schools, trended to maintain around city center and not well distributed all over the town. It is also resulted that approximately 90% of streets were less than 15m.
Israa Mohammed; Sawsan Abdulla Surchee
Volume 19, Issue 4 , December 2019, Pages 60-75
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the antibacterial effect of hot and cold aqueous extracts of green and black tea separately against Klebsiella pneumoniae after infecting the burned rat's skin with it, also to screen the effect of both types of tea on rat's liver and kidney. Sixteen male rats ...
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The aim of this study is to investigate the antibacterial effect of hot and cold aqueous extracts of green and black tea separately against Klebsiella pneumoniae after infecting the burned rat's skin with it, also to screen the effect of both types of tea on rat's liver and kidney. Sixteen male rats divided into four Groups (4 animals each), Group 1: untreated rat (control). Group 2: burn rats infected with K. pneumoniae (1.5×108 bacteria /ml). Group 3: burn treated by Green tea aqueous extract (1000 µg/ml) for K. pneumoniae bacteria. Group 4: burn treated by black tea extract (2000 µg/ml) for K. pneumoniae bacteria. The tea extracts antimicrobial activity was analyzed by agar diffusion inhibition assay and minimum inhibitory concentration. Results exhibited that K. pneumoniae in particular, have high levels of antimicrobial resistance to widely used agents. In conclusion hot extract from both types of tea have better antibacterial effect than cold extract. Additionally, infected rats showed inflammation and sever hemorrhage in the liver and kidney of rats, but when treated with tea extracts dermally approximately restored kidney normal histological architecture of glomeruli and tubules, also liver became nearly normal in histological structure of hepatic foci and central vein. Black tea extract showed greater effectiveness in tissue recovery than green once.
Mohammed Hussain; Hajer Askandar; Abbas Khether; Rezgar Saaed
Volume 19, Issue 4 , December 2019, Pages 76-82
Abstract
This experiment was conducted at farm of field crops department, collage of agriculture, Duhok University in spring 2018 to construct selection index. The results showed that all selection indices include the yield gave relative efficiency equal to those when used the yield only, the increase in efficiency ...
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This experiment was conducted at farm of field crops department, collage of agriculture, Duhok University in spring 2018 to construct selection index. The results showed that all selection indices include the yield gave relative efficiency equal to those when used the yield only, the increase in efficiency was very low and not important, selection index was a few relative efficiency as a compered with efficiency index which include the yield, therefore, the best selection index was depend on the yield only to select the better indices and some variance components to twenty maize genotypes according to Randomize Complete Block Design with three replication, also the result exhibited that the GCVwas medium for all characters except grain yield while, the PCV was high for grain yield, ear height and 300 grain weight and medium for the rest characters. The GAM gave high values for grain yield, plant and ear height and leaf area, the value range between 22-40 while the others characters showed medium values. On other hand the results showed high heritability broad sense ranged from %80 to %99 for all characters except 300- grain weight.
Payman Pasha; Shilan Mirsar; Hardy Shekhany; Raghb Mohammad
Volume 19, Issue 4 , December 2019, Pages 83-92
Abstract
The aim of this work was to estimate the growth of Laurus nobilis seedlings under different levels, period of water and its interaction with NPK. Different amounts of water (150, 300 and 400) ml/polyethylene bag and irrigation intervals (two different scales are considered, once per week and once per ...
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The aim of this work was to estimate the growth of Laurus nobilis seedlings under different levels, period of water and its interaction with NPK. Different amounts of water (150, 300 and 400) ml/polyethylene bag and irrigation intervals (two different scales are considered, once per week and once per two weeks) were used in addition to different amounts of NPK (zero (control), 500, 1000 ppm). Multi‐measurements and strategy was utilized for measuring stem length, stem diameter, root length, root diameter, moisture content, stem wet weight, stem dry weight, root wet weight, root dry weight and shoot root ratio. The results showed that bay seedlings had significantly affected by water amount (150ml) as well as water period (once per two weeks). Water deficit is therefore more commonly limiting seedlings growth than NPK through growing season. Therefore, sensitivity of bay seedlings to limitation water has indicated that decreasing in stem length, stem diameter, number of leaves, root diameter, moisture content, stem wet weight, stem dry weight, root wet weight, root dry weight and root shoot ratio (12.56cm, 3.35mm, 17, 3.66mm, 3.67%, 5.42g, 5.59g, 5.96g, 4.99g, 0.05). However, seedlings with three interaction (450ml, once/week and 1000ppm) had displayed significant differences through stem length, number of leaves, root diameter, moisture content, stem wet weight, stem dry weight, and root wet weight, root dry weight and root shoot ratio (28.16cm, 29, 6.57mm, 19.33%, 11.85g, 8.35g, 8.10g, 6.26g, 1.37 respectively). It is concluded that Laurus nobilis seedlings could not success in this area, especially under low water availability.
