Document Type : Review Paper
Authors
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening, College of Agriculture University of Anbar, Anbar .Iraq
Abstract
Nanotechnology is one of the strategies that have the ability to achieve sustainable agriculture, and it is a promising opportunity in the field of sustainability and the provision of food security and fertilizers in general, important in terms of agricultural production, whether quantitative or qualitative. Despite the availability of various mineral, chelated or organic fertilizer sources for these nutrients and the presence of various methods of addition, the efficiency of using these fertilizers does not exceed 5% of the additive. Therefore, it is preferable to reduce the loss of nutrients through fertilization and work to increase the growth and productivity of crops through the use of nanotechnology and nano_materials through the use of alternative, environmentally friendly and very effective fertilizers called nano-fertilizers. They are materials that contain nutrients or essential and useful plant nutrients prepared in nano-sizes and loaded or coated with materials that make them more efficient, especially when added to the soil. Nanoscience is one of the modern sciences that is concerned with the study of materials on the nanoscale 10-9 meters from 1-100 nanometers and they are called nanomaterials, its physical and chemical properties are different from those when it is in conventional dimensions of more than 100 nanometers, it has physicochemical properties that are fundamentally different compared to its ordinary materials. Different types can be produced from them, and their chemical composition as well as the size and shape of the particles controls their main characteristics.
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