Document Type : Articles
Authors
1 College of Agriculture – Al-Hawijah, University of Kirkuk, Iraq
2 College of Agriculture, University of Tikrit, Iraq
3 Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
Abstract
In order to study the combining ability and gene action for the yield and specific traits related to the grain quality of the genotypes of seven bread wheat (SK94, SK 95, Side 12, Side14, Giemiza 7, Giemiza 9, and Al-Fayyad). Half diallel crosses was performed between them to obtain (21) individual hybrids. Individually the hybrids were planted along with the parental lines in three replicates in randomised complete block design. Data for plant yield, protein ratio, wet gluten ratio, and dry gluten ratio were measured. Analysis of variance showed significant differences between the genotypes for all the evaluated traits. Parent Side 12 was distinguished by its general combining ability the traits of a plant yield, protein ratio, and wet gluten ratio, while the hybrid SK 95 x Side 12 was distinguished by a special combining ability all traits. The ratio between the components of the variance of general combining ability to the variance of specific combining ability was less than the correct one for all traits, and this is evidence of the effect of dominance variances on traits. Genetic variance was greater than environmental variance for all traits. Also, the dominance variance was greater than additive variance for all traits. The broad sense heritability rate was high for all traits, while the narrow sense heritability rate was medium for the plant yield trait and low for the other traits. The expected genetic advance was low in all traits. Therefore, selection is not useful, and it is possible to benefit from heterosis breeding method and selection in subsequent generations.
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